NANP Board Practice Exam

How can the synthesis of eicosanoids be inhibited?

1. Dietary antioxidants like vitamin E, quercetin, and licorice

2. Trans fatty acids

3. Vitamin A supplements

4. Intake of olive oil

The correct answer is: Dietary antioxidants like vitamin E, quercetin, and licorice

The synthesis of eicosanoids can be inhibited primarily through the action of dietary antioxidants, which include compounds like vitamin E, quercetin, and licorice. These antioxidants work by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in the body, which are pivotal in the synthesis of eicosanoids—signaling molecules derived from fatty acids that play crucial roles in inflammation and immunity. Antioxidants, particularly vitamin E, have been shown to regulate inflammatory pathways and may help modulate the activity of enzymes involved in eicosanoid production, thus leading to a decreased synthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Quercetin, a common plant flavonoid, also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, while certain compounds in licorice can influence the biosynthesis of these molecules. In contrast, trans fatty acids are known to increase inflammation and might promote the synthesis of certain eicosanoids rather than inhibit it. Vitamin A supplements do not have a direct role in inhibiting eicosanoid synthesis and may have varied effects depending on other dietary components. Intake of olive oil, while healthful and associated with anti-inflammatory benefits, is rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are precursors to eicosanoids and do not inhibit